Humanities CLEP Prep Practice Exam

What was the scientific method based on according to philosopher Francis Bacon?

1. Skeptical inquiry

2. Divine revelation

3. Empirical observation

4. Classical authorities

The correct answer is: Empirical observation

The scientific method is based on empirical observation according to philosopher Francis Bacon. This involves making careful observations and conducting experiments to gather evidence and collect data. Option A, skeptical inquiry, is incorrect because while skepticism is an important aspect of the scientific method, it is not its foundation. Option B, divine revelation, is incorrect because the scientific method relies on testable explanations and can be repeated and verified, rather than being based on faith or religion. Option D, classical authorities, is incorrect because the scientific method prioritizes new evidence and observations over relying on traditional or authority-based knowledge.